Correction and Retraction

Correction and Retraction Policy

The Journal of Multidisciplinary Education, published by CV. Cerdas Nusantara Publisher, is committed to maintaining the accuracy, transparency, and integrity of the scholarly record. The journal recognizes the importance of correcting the published literature when errors or ethical concerns are identified. This policy establishes procedures for issuing corrections, expressions of concern, and retractions when necessary.

1. Corrections

A correction may be issued when an error is identified in a published article and the error affects the accuracy, clarity, or completeness of the publication but does not invalidate the overall findings or conclusions.

Corrections may address, but are not limited to:

Errors in author names, affiliations, or acknowledgments.
Typographical, formatting, or editorial errors that affect the interpretation of the article.
Errors in tables, figures, equations, or supplementary materials.
Incorrect references, funding information, or declarations.
Factual or methodological reporting errors that can be corrected without invalidating the principal findings.

Requests for correction may be submitted by authors, readers, editors, or other relevant parties. Each request will be assessed by the editorial team to determine whether a formal correction is necessary.

Published corrections will clearly identify the original article, describe the error, provide the corrected information, and be linked to the original publication whenever technically feasible. The correction notice will be published as a separate, identifiable record when appropriate.

2. Retractions

A retraction may be issued when the reliability or integrity of a published article is seriously compromised. Retraction is intended to correct the scholarly record and alert readers that the findings or content of an article should no longer be relied upon as valid without appropriate qualification.

Grounds for retraction may include, but are not limited to:

Clear evidence that research findings are unreliable because of fabrication, falsification, or serious analytical errors.
Plagiarism or substantial unattributed reproduction of another person's work.
Duplicate or redundant publication that materially violates publication standards.
Serious ethical violations involving research participants, consent, or required ethical approval.
Manipulation of peer review or other forms of publication misconduct.
Material misrepresentation of data, methods, authorship, or research provenance.
Other serious breaches of research integrity that undermine the credibility of the published work.

Retraction decisions will be based on the available evidence and the seriousness of the concerns. The journal will not use retraction merely to resolve authorship disputes, suppress legitimate academic disagreement, or address minor errors that can be adequately corrected.

3. Retraction Procedure

When a potential reason for retraction is identified, the editorial team will assess the available information and may initiate an investigation.

The procedure may include:

Reviewing the published article and the evidence supporting the concern.
Requesting an explanation and relevant documentation from the corresponding author or other involved parties.
Consulting independent experts, reviewers, or editorial advisers when necessary.
Contacting the authors' affiliated institutions or relevant research ethics bodies when appropriate.
Evaluating the evidence impartially and determining whether correction, an expression of concern, or retraction is warranted.

Authors will ordinarily be given a reasonable opportunity to respond before a final decision is made. However, the journal may take appropriate interim measures when necessary to protect readers and the integrity of the scholarly record.

A retraction may proceed when supported by sufficient evidence even if the authors disagree with the decision or do not respond to the journal's inquiries.

4. Retraction Notice and Article Availability

A retraction notice will clearly identify the retracted article and explain the principal reason for the retraction. The notice will identify who is retracting the article, such as the authors, the editor, or the publisher, as appropriate.

The journal will:

Publish the retraction notice promptly after the decision, subject to necessary procedural requirements.
Link the notice to the original article and the original article to the notice.
Clearly label the article as retracted in the online version and associated metadata, where technically feasible.
Preserve the publication record for transparency and scholarly accountability.
Avoid removing the original article from the journal website except where removal is required by law, presents a serious legal risk, or is necessary under exceptional circumstances.

Where an article must be removed, the journal will seek to retain an appropriate bibliographic record and explanation of the removal, subject to legal and ethical requirements.

5. Expressions of Concern

An expression of concern may be published when credible questions arise regarding the reliability, integrity, or ethics of a published article, but the available evidence is insufficient for an immediate correction or retraction.

This may occur when an investigation is ongoing, relevant evidence is unavailable, or the journal is awaiting findings from an author's institution or another competent authority.

An expression of concern will identify the affected article, summarize the nature of the concern to the extent appropriate, and be linked to the original publication. The journal may update the notice when further evidence becomes available.

6. Responsibilities of Authors

Authors are expected to notify the editorial office promptly when they discover a significant error or inaccuracy in their published work.

Authors should cooperate with reasonable requests for clarification, supporting data, or documentation and should participate in the correction or retraction process when appropriate.

Where authors agree that a correction or retraction is necessary, they should provide a clear explanation of the issue and the proposed action. The journal retains responsibility for assessing the evidence and determining the appropriate editorial response.

7. Responsibilities of Editors and the Publisher

The editorial team is responsible for assessing concerns about published articles fairly, independently, and consistently with this policy.

CV. Cerdas Nusantara Publisher supports the implementation of editorial decisions and the maintenance of an accurate scholarly record. Decisions concerning corrections, expressions of concern, and retractions should be based on evidence and publication ethics rather than commercial, reputational, or personal considerations.

The journal may consult the guidance of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) when determining appropriate actions.

8. Appeals and Disputes

Authors may request reconsideration of a correction or retraction decision by submitting a reasoned appeal supported by relevant evidence. Appeals will be reviewed by an appropriate editorial authority, preferably one not directly involved in the original decision.

Disagreements between authors, institutions, or other parties will be assessed impartially. The journal may seek institutional guidance where necessary but will take appropriate editorial action when the available evidence warrants it.

9. Transparency and Publication Ethics

All corrections, expressions of concern, and retractions will be handled transparently and documented appropriately. The journal aims to ensure that readers can identify the status of published articles and understand the reasons for significant changes to the scholarly record.

The Journal of Multidisciplinary Education is committed to responsible publication practices, research integrity, and the continuous improvement of scholarly communication.